Present-day country
Venezuela
12 nations list Venezuela among their present-day countries.
Present-day countries are listed by ISO 3166 names. Many nations live across more than one.
12 nations
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Akawaio
Also known as Kapon
Lands Upper Mazaruni area and nearby river valleys of western Guyana, with Akawaio also counted in Venezuela's census
Akawaio is one of the nine Indigenous languages covered by Guyana's language revival programme, which the government moved to restart in 2021.
Source: Department of Public Information, Government of Guyana (opens in a new tab) Checked
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Baniwa
Also known as Walimanai
Lands Içana river and the Upper Rio Negro in Amazonas, Brazil, and neighboring Colombia and Venezuela
The Baniwa speak languages of the Arawak family along the Içana river.
Source: Instituto Socioambiental (ISA) (opens in a new tab) Checked
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Barí
Also known as Motilón Barí
Lands Serranía de los Motilones and the Catatumbo and Oro river basins in Norte de Santander, Colombia, and Zulia state, Venezuela
Census counts put the Barí at about 2,841 people in Venezuela in 2011 and 3,018 in Colombia in 2018.
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Kaliña
Also known as Kari'na
Lands Coastal Suriname and French Guiana, with related communities in Guyana, Venezuela and Brazil
In Suriname the Kari'na (Kaliña) live in many villages with their own village heads, including Christiaankondre and Langamankondre at Galibi in Marowijne district.
Source: Vereniging van Inheemse Dorpshoofden in Suriname (VIDS) (opens in a new tab) Checked
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Macuxi
Also known as Makuxi
Lands Fields and mountains of northern Roraima, Brazil, between the headwaters of the Branco and Rupununi rivers, extending into Guyana and Venezuela
The Conselho Indígena de Roraima, founded in 1990, unites ten peoples including the Macuxi and Wapichana, with 270 of the state's 465 communities as members.
Source: Conselho Indígena de Roraima (opens in a new tab) Checked
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Pemón
Also known as Arekuna
Lands Savannas of southeastern Venezuela, the Kamarang River area of Guyana, and Roraima state in Brazil
In Venezuela's 2011 census, where people self-identified, the Pemón made up about 4.2 percent of the country's Indigenous population.
Source: Instituto Nacional de Estadística (INE), Venezuela (opens in a new tab) Checked
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Uwottüja
Also known as Piaroa
Lands The Autana, Cuao, Sipapo and Guayapo rivers and the middle Orinoco, Amazonas state, Venezuela
In 2020 Uwottüja communities of the Autana, Cuao, Sipapo and Guayapo rivers met at Pendare and declared themselves guardians of their territory.
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Warao
Also known as Warrau
Lands Orinoco Delta of Venezuela, the North West District of Guyana, and communities in Trinidad and Tobago
Trinidad and Tobago's government names the Warao Nation of Trinidad and Tobago among the country's own Indigenous groups.
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Wayuu
Also known as Guajiro
Lands The Guajira Peninsula, shared by northern Colombia (La Guajira) and northwestern Venezuela (Zulia)
Colombia's 2018 census counted 380,460 people who identify as Wayuu, up 40.7 percent from 2005.
Source: DANE (National Administrative Department of Statistics, Colombia) (opens in a new tab) Checked
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Yanomami
Also known as Ianomâmi
Lands Forests of Amazonas and Roraima states in northern Brazil, continuing across the border into southern Venezuela
About 31,000 people live in the Yanomami Indigenous Territory in Brazil, in roughly 384 villages of the Yanomami and Ye'kwana peoples.
Source: Casa Civil da Presidência da República, Governo do Brasil (opens in a new tab) Checked
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Ye'kwana
Also known as Ye'kuana
Lands Amazonas and Bolívar states in southern Venezuela, and the Auaris and Uraricoera rivers of Roraima, Brazil
The name Ye'kwana, which the people use for themselves, entered Venezuela's census in 1982 and has almost fully replaced the outside name Makiritare.
Source: Instituto Nacional de Estadística (INE), Venezuela (opens in a new tab) Checked
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Yukpa
Lands Sierra de Perijá on both sides of the border: Zulia state, Venezuela, and Cesar department, Colombia
Census counts put the Yukpa at about 10,640 people in Venezuela in 2011 and 3,610 in Colombia in 2018.