Northern Mexico and the US Southwest
Tohono O’odham
Visit the nation's own site (opens in a new tab)
Lands
Sonoran Desert of southern Arizona, US (Sells is the capital), with O’odham communities across the border in Sonora, Mexico
Countries United States, Mexico
Facts 3
Language
O’odham groups still speak the O’odham language, part of the Uto-Aztecan family, with dialects that vary from group to group.
As of 2026 Source: Tohono O’odham Nation, History & Culture (opens in a new tab) Checked Suggest a correction to this fact
Population
The Tohono O’odham Nation has about 28,000 members and a land base of about 2.8 million acres in the Sonoran Desert, roughly the size of Connecticut.
As of 2026 Source: Tohono O’odham Nation, About Tohono O’odham Nation (opens in a new tab) Checked Suggest a correction to this fact
Today
Divided by the border since the 1850s, O’odham communities in Sonora, Mexico, and Arizona still share a common culture and sense of being one people.
As of 2019 Source: Sistema de Información Cultural, Secretaría de Cultura (Mexico), Pápagos (opens in a new tab) Checked Suggest a correction to this fact
Suggest a correctionFor nations: how to correct, add or remove anything here
Names, lands and facts are written from the sources shown. Corrections from nations come first.